For canoes, these protective layers along the stems and part of the keel are called "skid plates". We have many threads here discussing whether and when skid plates are needed—people disagree—and how to make and install them with many photos. Use the site's search function for the term "skid plates" and check the box to search titles only.
Buying your own materials and installing yourself is much less expensive than buying a kit. As to what material to use, my memory of the consensus here is that Kevlar felt is too bulky and ugly, that Dynel is probably the most durable material to use, and that S-glass is probably in second place.