I was out in a blow with my wife and a friend we had as the saying goes “a bone in our teeth” and the mast broke. Didn’t end up in the water and didn’t even take a drop. With a lee board down they become quite stable.
Jim
I don't know. Most canoe sailors are just out for an afternoon of fun, so avoid conditions that aren't pleasant. The leeboards or centerboard perform the same function as a deep keel on a sailboat. Whitecaps are usually the indicator of a 'rocket ride' opportunity if you want one. The black canoe out in whitecaps from my previous message was made in 1927 as shown below and has a 16 pound bronze centerboard. This could probably handle much more severe wind conditions than most people would ever want to endure. The person is much more of a limiting factor than the equipment, like many things.